“(Revidierter) Fragebogen für Kinderer und Jugendliche zur Erfassung der gesundheitsbezogenen Lebensqualität” (Revised) Questionnaire for Children and Young People to record the health-related quality of life (KINDL and KINDLR)
Generic + Disease-Specific Modules
Measure domains: Physical health; emotion; self-esteem; family; friends; everyday functioning/school
Summary of development:
KINDL: There are five versions of the instrument, which are Kiddy-KINDL Child Questionnaire, Kiddy-KINDL Parent Questionnaire, Kid-KINDL Child Questionnaire, Kiddo-KINDL Adolescent Questionnaire, Kid- & Kiddo-KINDL Parent Questionnaire. The original version of the questionnaire, the KINDL, was developed in Germany by Prof. Monika Bullinger in 1994. Prof. Ulrike Ravens-Sieberer & Monika Bullinger revised the KINDL developing the KINDLR in 1998. The original instrument and its revised versions have many translations. The measure is available for different age groups and developmental stages and can be completed by children or their proxies. All KINDL measures are based on info from the previous week. The parent/proxy version for children ages 3-6 has an additional 22 questions to make up for the shorter child-reported version in this age group. This generic measure also has additional disease-specific modules (adiposity, asthma, diabetes, epilepsy, neurodermatitis, oncology and spina bifida) which are used for children with chronic conditions in addition to the 24-item KINDL questionnaire. Much of the development and validation work was done in German; this page only includes the three validation studies we found using English questionnaires..
There is also a short, 12-item version for each KINDL age group, except the Kiddy KINDL which already has only 12 items. We found no validation studies for the English versions of these questionnaires.
KINDLR_CAT (CATSCREEN): The support for the Computer Assisted Touch version of Kindl-R had to be discontinued due to lack of technical support and resources and is not included on this extraction form.
Ravens-Sieberer U, Bullinger M. Assessing health-related quality of life in chronically ill children with the German KINDL: first psychometric and content analytical results. Qual Life Res. 1998;7(5):399–407
Additional information
| Number of Items | 24 |
|---|---|
| Time Frame/Recall Period | Past week |
| Measurement Type | Classical Test Theory |
| Overall Score | Yes |
| Sub scores/Subscales | Physical health; emotion; self-esteem; family; friends; school/everyday functioning (plus one optional disease-specific domain) |
| Ages | 7-17 |
| Respondent | Proxy Observer |
| Languages | Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Others, Spanish, Vietnamese |
| Development Used Experts | Bullinger 1995, Ravens-Sieberer 1998, Ravens-Sieberer 2001 |
| Development Used Patient | Ravens-Sieberer 2001 |
| Structural Validity | Kenzik 2014 |
| Internal Consistency | Kenzik 2014 |
| Known Groups Validity | Kenzik 2014 |
| Convergent Validity with Other Measures | Kenzik 2014 |
| Divergent Validity with Other Measures | Kenzik 2014 |
| Measure Website | https://www.kindl.org/english/questionnaires/ |
| Licensing | Yes |
| Fees | Free for all non-profit or research institutions but a user form must be filled out. For all other uses there is a license fee of €400 per language and version |